Inhibition of 4EBP phosphorylation mediates the cytotoxic effect of mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase inhibitors in aggressive B-cell lymphomas was written by Bi, Chengfeng;Zhang, Xuan;Lu, Ting;Zhang, Xiaoyan;Wang, Xianhuo;Meng, Bin;Zhang, Huilai;Wang, Ping;Vose, Julie M.;Chan, Wing C.;McKeithan, Timothy W.;Fu, Kai. And the article was included in Haematologica in 2017.Reference of 1255517-76-0 This article mentions the following:
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 is a central integrator of nutrient and growth factor inputs that controls cell growth in eukaryotes. The second generation of mTOR kinase inhibitors (TORKi), directly targeting the mTOR catalytic site, are more effective than rapamycin and its analogs in cancer treatment, particularly in inducing apoptosis. However, the mechanism underlying the cytotoxic effect of TORKi remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that TORKi-induced apoptosis is predominantly dependent on the loss of mTOR complex 1-mediated 4EBP activation. Knocking out RICTOR, a key component of mTOR complex 2, or inhibiting p70S6K has little effect on TORKi-induced apoptosis. Conversely, increasing the eIF4E:4EBP ratio by either overexpressing eIF4E or knocking out 4EBP1/2 protects lymphoma cells from TORKi-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, downregulation of MCL1 expression plays an important role in TORKi-induced apoptosis, whereas BCL-2 overexpression confers resistance to TORKi treatment. We further show that the therapeutic effect of TORKi in aggressive B-cell lymphomas can be predicted by BH3 profiling, and improved by combining it with pro-apoptotic drugs, especially BCL-2 inhibitors, both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the study herein provides mechanistic insight into TORKi cytotoxicity and identified a potential way to optimize its efficacy in the clin. treatment of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-((4-(5-Ethylpyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 1255517-76-0Reference of 1255517-76-0).
2-((4-(5-Ethylpyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (cas: 1255517-76-0) belongs to piperazine derivatives. A form in which piperazine is commonly available industrially is as the hexahydrate, C4H10N2. 6H2O, which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C. Piperazine and its salts did not induce point mutations in a bacterial test. A series of mutagenicity studies in cells, both in vitro and in vivo, has been completed and showed no evidence of mutagenic effect.Reference of 1255517-76-0
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Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics