Demonstration of ameliorating effect of vardenafil through its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in autism spectrum disorder induced by propionic acid on rat model was written by Ozkul, Bahattin;Urfali, Furkan Erturk;Sever, Ibrahim Halil;Bozkurt, Mehmet Fatih;Sogut, Ibrahim;Elgormus, Cagri Serdar;Erdogan, Mumin Alper;Erbas, Oytun. And the article was included in International Journal of Neuroscience in 2022.Category: piperazines This article mentions the following:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiol. In this study, we aimed to determine the ameliorating effects of vardenafil in the ASD rat model induced by propionic acid (PPA) in terms of neurobehavioral changes and also support these effects with histopathol. changes, brain biochem. anal. and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings. Twenty-one male rats were randomly assigned into three groups. Group 1 (control, 7 rats) did not receive treatment. Rats in groups 2 and 3 were given PPA at the dose of 250 mg/kg/day i.p. for 5 days. After PPA administration, animals in group 2 (PPAS, 7 rats) were given saline and animals in group 3 (PPAV, 7 rats) were given vardenafil. Behavioral tests were performed between the 20th and 24th days of the study. The rats were taken for MRS on the 25th day. At the end of the study, brain levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α, nerve growth factor, cGMP and lactate levels were measured. In the cerebellum and the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, counts of neurons and Purkinje cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein (associated with gliosis) were evaluated histol. Three chamber sociability and passive avoiding test, histopathol. results, lactate levels derived from MRS, and biochem. biomarkers revealed significant differences among the PPAV and PPAS groups. We concluded that vardenafil improves memory and social behaviors and prevent loss of neuronal and Purkinje cell through its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Ethoxy-5-((4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one (cas: 224785-90-4Category: piperazines).
2-(2-Ethoxy-5-((4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)phenyl)-5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-one (cas: 224785-90-4) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Piperazine and its salts did not induce point mutations in a bacterial test. A series of mutagenicity studies in cells, both in vitro and in vivo, has been completed and showed no evidence of mutagenic effect.Category: piperazines
Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics