Category: 2192-20-3

Determination of hydroxyzine by differential pulse anodic voltammetry using carbon paste electrode was written by Zayed, Sayed I. M.;Al-Talhi, Amal A. H.;Asmaa, E. Al Thagafi. And the article was included in Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society in 2018.Name: 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride This article mentions the following:

The electrochem. oxidation of hydroxyzine dihydrochloride at carbon paste electrode has been studied in 0.04 M Britton-Robinson buffer pH 6.2 using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. The oxidation process has been shown to irreversible and diffusion controlled with adsorption characterstics. Based on these studies, simple, rapid, and sensitive differential pulse anodic voltammetric method has been developed for the determination of the drug over the concentration range 0.45-5.36 μg/mL, with detection and quantification limits of 0.27 and 0.90 μg/mL hydroxyzine dihydrochloride, resp. The proposed method was successfully used for quantification of hydroxyzine dihydrochloride in Atarax tablets and spiked human urine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Name: 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Name: 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Recent research progress on synthesis of hydroxyzine dihydrochloride was written by Zhong, Min;Peng, Xiaohai;Luo, Jin;You, Qingliang;Yu, Zongyuan. And the article was included in Huaxue Yu Shengwu Gongcheng in 2011.COA of Formula: C21H29Cl3N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Various synthetic routes of the first generation antihistamines, hydroxyzine dihydrochloride, and its key intermediate 2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethanol and the main ring 1-[(4-chlorophenyl) benzyl]-piperazine were summarized and commented. A suitable route for industrialization was selected as follows: hydroxyzine dihydrochloride was obtained through condensation of 2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethanol and 1-[(4-chlorophenyl) benzyl]-piperazine, acidification. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3COA of Formula: C21H29Cl3N2O2).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Outside the body, piperazine has a remarkable power to dissolve uric acid and producing a soluble urate, but in clinical experience it has not proved equally successful. COA of Formula: C21H29Cl3N2O2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Antihistamines and other prognostic factors for adverse outcome in hyperemesis gravidarum was written by Fejzo, Marlena S.;Magtira, Aromalyn;Schoenberg, Frederic Paik;MacGibbon, Kimber;Mullin, Patrick;Romero, Roberto;Tabsh, Khalil. And the article was included in European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology in 2013.Product Details of 2192-20-3 This article mentions the following:

The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of adverse perinatal outcome in women with hyperemesis gravidarum and identify prognostic factors. This is a case-control study in which outcomes of first pregnancies were compared between 254 women with hyperemesis gravidarum treated with i.v. fluids and 308 controls. Prognostic factors were identified by comparing the clin. profile of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum with a normal and an adverse pregnancy outcome. Binary responses were analyzed using either a Chi-square or Fisher exact test and continuous responses were analyzed using a t-test. Women with hyperemesis gravidarum have over a 4-fold increased risk of poor outcome including preterm birth and lower birth weight (p < 0.0001). Among maternal characteristics, only gestational hypertension had an influence on outcome (p < 0.0001). Treatment as an outpatient and/or by alternative medicine (acupuncture/acupressure/Bowen massage) was associated with a pos. outcome (p < 0.0089). Poor outcomes were associated with early start of symptoms (p < 0.019), and treatment with methylprednisolone (p < 0.0217), promethazine (p < 0.0386), and other antihistamines [diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Gravol), doxylamine (Unisom), hydroxyzine (Vistaril/Atarax), doxylamine and pyridoxine (Diclectin/Bendectin)] (p < 0.0151) independent of effectiveness. Among these medications, only the other antihistamines were prescribed independent of severity: they were effective in less than 20% of cases and were taken by almost 50% of patients with an adverse outcome. Poor outcomes are significantly greater in women with HG and are associated with gestational hypertension, early symptoms, and antihistamine use. Given these results, there is an urgent need to address the safety and effectiveness of medications containing antihistamines in women with severe nausea of pregnancy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Product Details of 2192-20-3).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Simple N-substituted piperazines have been found in many drug molecules. Piperazine is an anthelminthic especially useful in the treatment of partial intestinal obstruction caused by Ascaris worms, which is a condition primarily seen in children. Piperazine hydrate and piperazine citrate are the main anthelminthic piperazines.Product Details of 2192-20-3

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formulation and evaluation of orodispersible film of hydroxyzine hydrochloride was written by Jani, Rupal;Patel, Reeni;Shah, Pratik. And the article was included in World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research in 2015.Quality Control of 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride This article mentions the following:

In the present study, an attempt was made to develop orodispersible film of Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride by solvent casting method. Drugexcipients and excipients-excipients incompatibility study was carried out using fourier transform IR Spectroscopy (FTIR) which shows that drug-excipient and excipient-excipient were compatible to each other. Orodispersible film of Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride containing hydroxy Pr Me cellulose E5LV and hydroxy Pr Me cellulose E15LV were developed by solvent casting method using propylene glycol as a plasticizer and citric acid as a saliva stimulating agent. Batch H1 (hydroxy Pr Me cellulose E15LV 100 mg, citric acid 20 mg and propylene glycol 20% weight/weight) showed excellent appearance, transparency,% elongation 1.7 ± 0.30,tensile strength 35 ± 0.49, folding endurance 770 ± 3 and maximum drug entrapment 98.12%. This result revealed that presence of propylene glycol (20% weight/weight of polymer) was used which gave good physicochem. properties and citric acid (0.2%weight/weight of polymer) was rapid disintegration of orodispersible film. Stability studies of the optimized batch H1 showed that there were no significant changes in appearance, elasticity, folding endurance, thickness, drug entrapment, tensile strength and in vitro disintegration time after storage at 40 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5%RH for a one month. This approach suggested that the orodispersible film of Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride using hydroxy Pr Me cellulose E15LV, citric acid and propylene glycol gave rapid disintegration of orodispersible film and provide faster onset of action. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Quality Control of 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine was first introduced as an anthelmintic in 1953. Piperazine compounds mediate their anthelmintic action by generally paralyzing parasites, allowing the host body to easily remove or expel the invading organism. Although many piperazine derivatives occur naturally, piperazine itself can be synthesized by reacting alcoholic ammonia with 1,2-dichloroethane, by the action of sodium and ethylene glycol on ethylene diamine hydrochloride, or by reduction of pyrazine with sodium in ethanol.Quality Control of 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reduction of bitterness of antihistaminic drugs by complexation with β-cyclodextrins was written by Ono, Nao;Miyamoto, Yuji;Ishiguro, Takako;Motoyama, Keiichi;Hirayama, Fumitoshi;Iohara, Daisuke;Seo, Hakaru;Tsuruta, Satoshi;Arima, Hidetoshi;Uekama, Kaneto. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2011.Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Reduction of bitterness of antihistaminic drugs by cyclodextrin (CyD) complexation was examined The stability constant (Kc) of the 1:1 CyD inclusion complexes with antihistaminic drugs increased in the order of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CyD (HP-β-CyD) ≈ β-CyD > γ-CyD > α-CyD for diphenhydramine and epinastine, and HP-β-CyD ≈ β-CyD > α-CyD > γ-CyD for hydroxyzine, cetirizine, and dl-chlorpheniramine. The inclusion complexes inhibited the adsorption of antihistaminic drugs to lipid membrane using liposomes, as the magnitude of Kc increased. From human gustatory sensation tests, β-CyD and HP-β-CyD potently suppressed the bitterness of antihistaminic drugs in a dose-dependent manner. Further, an artificial taste sensor anal. revealed that β-CyD and HP-β-CyD inhibited the bitterness of antihistaminic drugs in solution The results suggest that CyDs suppress the bitterness of antihistaminic drugs in solutions through the formation of inclusion complexes. These results may provide useful information for masking or elimination of bitterness of drugs using CyDs. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 100:1935-1943, 2011. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Piperazine causes primary dermal irritation and skin burns at high concentrations. Piperazine also causes eye irritation in humans. Piperazine is an anthelminthic especially useful in the treatment of partial intestinal obstruction caused by Ascaris worms, which is a condition primarily seen in children. Piperazine hydrate and piperazine citrate are the main anthelminthic piperazines.Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nalfurafine hydrochloride enabled to reduce dosage or discontinue conventional treatment for uremic pruritus was written by Yoshizawa, Taku;Kumagai, Junko;Takahashi, Naoko;Tsuchiya, Shinichiro. And the article was included in Jin to Toseki in 2013.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride This article mentions the following:

In this paper, nalfurafine hydrochloride enabled to reduce dosage or discontinue conventional treatment for uremic pruritus was reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Simple N-substituted piperazines have been found in many drug molecules. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparative dissolution of commercially available hydroxyzine hydrochloride tablets was written by Noory, Carol;Wolyniak, Cecilia;Ogger, Kathryn E.;Shah, Vinod P.. And the article was included in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy in 1992.Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2 This article mentions the following:

A comparative dissolution study was conducted on com. available hydroxyzine-HCl tablets using USP Apparatus 2 (Paddle Method) at 50 rpm and two dissolution media: water and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) and the USP recommended method employing the disintegration apparatus The dissolution characteristics of 22 samples of hydroxyzine-HCl tablets representing four dosage levels and seven manufacturers were profiled. The study illustrated that the Modified Disintegration apparatus is not able to distinguish slow dissolving formulations from fast dissolving formulation and, consequently, does not provide assurance of bioequivalence and does not perform as an adequate manufacturing control to insure lot to lot uniformity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. Industrial applications of piperazine include the manufacture of plastics, resins, pesticides and brake fluids. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Synthetic Route of C21H29Cl3N2O2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multi-residue determination of 210 drugs in pork by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was written by Yin, Zhiqiang;Chai, Tingting;Mu, Pengqian;Xu, Nana;Song, Yue;Wang, Xinlu;Jia, Qi;Qiu, Jing. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2016.Electric Literature of C21H29Cl3N2O2 This article mentions the following:

This paper presents a multi-residue anal. method for 210 drugs in pork using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatog.-Q-Trap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) within 20 min via pos. ESI in scheduled multi-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The 210 drugs, belonging to 21 different chem. classes, included macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, β-lactams, β-agonists, aminoglycosides, antiviral drugs, glycosides, phenothiazine, protein anabolic hormones, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), quinolones, antifungal drugs, corticosteroids, imidazoles, piperidines, piperazidines, insecticides, amides, alkaloids and others. A rapid and simple preparation method was applied to process the animal tissues, including solvent extraction with an acetonitrile/water mixture (80/20, volume/volume), defatting and clean-up processes. The recoveries ranged from 52% to 130% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 20% for spiked concentrations of 10, 50 and 250 μg/kg. More than 90% of the analytes achieved low limits of quantification (LOQs) < 10 μg/kg. The decision limit (CCα), detection capability (CCβ) values were in the range of 2-502 μg/kg and 4-505 μg/kg, resp. This method is significant for food safety monitoring and controlling veterinary drug use. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3Electric Literature of C21H29Cl3N2O2).

2-(2-(4-((4-Chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)ethanol dihydrochloride (cas: 2192-20-3) belongs to piperazine derivatives. The piperazine scaffold is often found in biologically active compounds in different therapeutic areas. These therapeutic areas include antifungals, antidepressants, antivirals, and serotonin receptor (5-HT) antagonists/agonists. Piperazine is formed as a co-product in the ammoniation of 1,2-dichloroethane or ethanolamine. These are the only routes to the chemical used commercially.Electric Literature of C21H29Cl3N2O2

Referemce:
Piperazine – Wikipedia,
Piperazines – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics